Objective To explore the related influencing factors of social support and subjective wellbeing of the one-child death family. Methods A total of 841 people who met the entry criteria from the onechild death families in 3 districts in the main city of Chongqing were randomly selected. Field surveys were conducted using the general questionnaire， the Social Support Rating Scale（ SSRS） and the Memorial University of Newfoundland Happiness Inventory（ MUNSH） scale. Results The bereaved parents who have lost the onlychild for over 5 years showed lower scores in objective support and support utilization in SSRS and lower scores in the total score of MUNSH and positive emotion（ P＜0.05）. The parents with somatic disease had significantly lower scores in the total score of SSRS， objective support and support utilization（ P＜0.05）. There was statistical differences in total score of SSRS， each dimension score and the negative experience dimension score of MUNSH among participants with different finance income（ P＜ 0.05）. Taking the marital status， education level， years of loss， somatic disease and income level as independent variables， SSRS and MUNSH scores were used as the dependent variables to make multiple linear regression analysis. The marital status and educational level entered the regression equation of social support score（ P＜0.05）， and the years of loss entered the regression equation of well-being score（ P＜0.05）. Conclusions The social support and subjective well-being of the one-child death family were influenced by the years of loss， physical illness， income level， marital status and educational level.