Objective To study the curative effect of the self-designed rehabilitation therapy on Parkinson disease and its effects on magnetic resonance spectroscopy（ MRS） in patients. Methods A total of 78 patients with Parkinson disease who were admitted in our hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into control group and study group. The patients in the control group were treated with simple drug treatment. While on the basis of the control group， the study group adopted the self-designed rehabilitation therapy. After a course of treatment， the curative effect of the two groups were evaluated with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale（ UPDRS） for exercise and non-motor symptoms， Berg Balance Scale（ BBS） for balance abilities， Activities of Daily Living（ ADL） for the ability of living， Minimental State Examination（ MMSE） for mental status， Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD） for depression status and Parkinson Disease Sleep Scale（ PDSS） for the quality of sleep. At the same time， the changes of four serum enzymes were monitored before and after the treatment in the two groups. The proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy（ 1H-MRS） was applied to check the changes of substantia nigra metabolism， and the correlation between 1H-MRS and Parkinson patients' exercise and non-motor symptoms. Results After the treatment， the scores of UPDRS， BBS， ADL， MMSE， HAMD and PDSS were all improved in both groups（ P ＜ 0.05）.After treatment， the 1H-MRS indicators， including NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr， were improved（ P ＜ 0.05）， and the expression levels of SOD， GSH-PX， CAT， MDA were improved as well（ P＜0.05）. All the indicators mentioned above of the study group were superior to the control group（ P＜0.05）. In addition， NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr were negatively correlated with UPDRS（ |r|≥0.7， P＜0.05）. Conclusions The rehabilitation therapy can improve the curative effect in patients with Parkinson disease， improve the serum enzyme expression levels， patients' activities of daily living， sleep quality， intelligent mental state. It also increase the value of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr in substantia nigra（ 1H-MRS index）， which is worthy of popularization and further research.