Objective To explore the factors affecting quality of life of the migraine patients， and help to optimize the management of the migraine patients. Methods A total of 138 migraine patients in the outpatient clinic of Central Hospital of Panzhihua were recruited and investigated with Migraine Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire 2.1（ MSQ 2.1）， recording age， gender， frequency（ number of headache attacking in a month）， degree of headache， body mass index（ BMI）， the score of Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 scale（ GAD-7）， the score of Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item Depression Scale（ PHQ-9）， the score of Athens Insomnia Scale （AIS）， and whether they had substance abuse or precursor headache. Univariate analysis was first applied， and then multivariate linear regression analysis was carried out with the related factors as independent variables and MSQ 2.1 score as dependent variable. Results Univariate analysis showed that MSQ 2.1 score was associated with whether substance abuse， degree of headache， BMI， frequency， PHQ-9 score， GAD-7 score and AIS score（ P＜0.05）. Multiple factor analysis showed that PHQ-9 score， GAD-7 score and AIS score did not enter the regression equation（ P ＜ 0.05）. MSQ 2.1 score was negatively correlated with whether substance abuse， degree of headache， BMI and frequency（ P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusions The abuse of painkillers in migraine patients induce heavier headache， more frequent attacks and higher BMI， which makes the quality of life worse in patients.