Objective To explore the effects of evidence-based nursing model on patients with posttraumatic stress disorder（ PTSD） after stroke. Methods A total of 261 patients with stroke were randomly divided into control group（ 130 cases） and observation group（ 131 cases）. The patients in the control group were given routine nursing care， and the patients in the observation group were provided evidence-based nursing except routine nursing. The effects of nursing were compared between the two groups. Results After stroke， 44 cases in the control group and 42 cases in the observation group developed PTSD within 6 monthes. Compared with the control group， the improvement rate of depression and anxiety was significantly higher（ P＜0.05）； the improvement rate of sleep quality in the observation group was significantly higher（ P＜0.01）； the medication adherence in the observation group was better（ P ＜ 0.05）； and the recurrence rate of stroke within one year in the observation group was significantly lower（ P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Evidence-based nursing model can effectively improve depression， anxiety， the sleep disorder， the medication adherence and reduce the recurrence rate of stroke in post-stroke PTSD patients.