Objective To investigate the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） on the first episode and not taking drugs depressive patients， and to analyze the effects of family function in the treatment. Methods From October 2015 to October 2017， a total of 100 cases of first-episode depression patients who had never received medication treatment in the outpatient department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region People's Hospital were recruited in the research. All the patients were simply treated with rTMS for 4 weeks， 5 times per week， 20 times in total. We used Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD） and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale，Second Edition（ FACESII-CV） to investigate the degree of depression and family function before treatment， and after four weeks of treatment， we used the HAMD scale to evaluate the therapeutic effect again， and analyzed the influence of family function on the treatment effects. Finally， 89 cases completed the study. Results The scores of HAMD before and after treatment were（ 27.08±5.32）and（ 14.52±4.76）， and the difference was statistically significant（ t=16.593， P ＜0.01）. In accordance with the FACESII-CV standard for evaluation， there were 34 intermediate， 31 extreme and 24 balance family in this study. There was a significant difference seen in HAMD scores in the three type families before and after treatment（ P＜0.01）. The score of HAMD in extreme family was higher than intermediate and balance family and the variation of HAMD after treatment in extreme family was lower than intermediate and balance family. There was no significant difference between intermediate and balance family. The score of HAMD before treatment was negatively correlated with family adaptability and cohesion（ r=-0.230， -0.220； P＜0.05）， and the variation of HAMD after treatment was positively correlated with family cohesion（ r=0.230， P＜0.05）. The multiple linear regression showed that family cohesion and the score of HAMD before treatment has speculated significance to the variation of HAMD. Conclusions Simple rTMS therapy can improve the degree of depression in patients with first episode and not taking drugs， but may be limited to patients with mild and moderate depression. Whereas for patients with severe depression， simple rTMS may not be ideal. The family function of depression patients affects the severity of depression attack. The depression degree of extreme family patients is more serious， and low family cohesion affected the therapeutic effects.