Objective To analyze the syndromes of vascular dementia（ VD） patients， and to observe the acupuncture effect on cognitive function and life skills. Methods From January to December 2014， a total of 90 inpatients and outpatients from TCM Rehabilitation Center of Beijing Rehabilitation Hospital of Capital Medical University were selected， and divided into acupuncture group and acupoint injection group. The patients of the two groups were treated with acupuncture and acupoint injection respectively for 4 continuous weeks. Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome Score Scale（ TCMSSS） was applied to analyze. Mini-mental State Examination（ MMSE）， Montreal Cognitive Assessment（ MoCA） and Activity of Daily Living Scale（ ADL） were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Results Vascular dementia syndrome has blood stasis blocking collaterals， internal obstruction of phlegm turbidity， deficiency of liver and kidney， stagnation of liver-qi and insufficiency of Qi and blood. Blood stasis blocking collaterals occupies the first place in this observation（ 40%）. The differences in the scores of MoCA， MMSE and ADL before and after treatment were statistically significant（ P＜0.05）. However， there was no statistical significance between the acupoint injection group and the acupuncture group（ P＞0.05）. Conclusions The mechanism of vascular dementia syndrome is toxic pathogen obstruction when deficiency. Acupuncture and acupoint injection have good effect VD.