Objectives To discuss the correlation between childhood abuse and adult schizophrenia. Methods From the subject database of clinical data and biological sample library of mental illness in Beijing Anding Hospital（ n=2 142）， 82 schizophrenia subjects and 111 controls were selected. We discussed the relationship between childhood abuse and adult schizophrenia by analyzing and comparing the data from the two groups using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire（ CTQ）. The schizophrenia group was first divided into two sub-groups according to the number of episodes（ ≤2 times or ＞2 times）. The scores of CTQ in the two subgroups were compared. Results The differences in the total scores and dimension scores（ i.e.， emotional abuse， physical abuse， sexual abuse， emotional neglect and physical neglect） of the CTQ showed statistical significance across experimental and control groups（ t’=-9.18，-10.58，-8.98，-7.39，-6.09，-7.89， all P＜ 0.05）. The difference of total score and dimension score（ emotional abuse， physical abuse， sexual abuse， emotional neglect and physical neglect） of the CTQ is also significant across the two sub-groups of the experimental group（ t’=13.29， 13.22，7.77，8.60，12.59，9.33， all P ＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Schizophrenia patients score higher in CTQ than normal population and the score increases with the number of psychotic episodes， suggesting that adult schizophrenia patients may have histories of childhood abuse.