Objectives To investigate the differences and correlations between the neurological soft signs（ NSS） and cognitive functions for first-episode schizophrenia patients. Methods From October 2015 to April 2016， 36 patients with first-episode schizophrenia and 37 healthy controls were selected. Subjects' cognitive functions were assessed using the Rapid Visual Information Processing（ RVP） and Stockings of Cambridge（ SOC） in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery（ CANTAB）. Cognitive function assessment was performed to analyze differences in attention， memory， and executive function between the two groups. The Cambridge Neurological Inventory's（ CNI） soft sign subscale was used to detect differences in neurological soft signs between the two groups and to understand the association between NSS and clinical symptoms and cognitive function. Results Compared with the healthy control group， the schizophrenia group's average number of moves in the SOC test（ 4 moves） was not statistically significantly different（ P＞0.05）， while all the other RVP and SOC indicators were statistically significantly different（ P＜0.05）. The total score of CNI soft signs， the original reflex score and the exercise coordination score in the schizophrenia group were 9.50 （7.00， 13.75）， 2.00（ 2.00， 2.00）， and 8.00（ 5.00， 11.75）， respectively， which were all significantly higher than those of the healthy control group［ 4.00（ 3.00， 5.00）， 2.00（ 2.00， 2.00）， 2.00（ 0， 3.00）， P＜0.05］. The total score of the CNI soft sign subscale was moderately positively correlated with age（ r=0.553， P＜0.001）， and had no correlation with gender and years of education（ P＞0.05）. Controlling for age， the primary reflex score of the CNI soft sign subscale was moderately positively correlated with the negative symptom score in the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale（ PANSS， r=0.412， P=0.024）. The motor coordination score was correlated with RVP （P ＜ 0.05）， and was moderately negative related to the number of tasks completed with the minimum number of SOC moves（ r=-0.419， P=0.001）. The total score of the CNI soft sign subscale was correlated with all RVP indicators （ P＜ 0.05） and was slightly negatively related to the number of tasks completed with the minimum number of SOC moves（ r=-0.395， P=0.002）. Conclusions NSS and cognitive function both have different degrees of damages in patients with first-episode schizophrenia. And there is a certain correlation between the two.