Objectives To explore the effects of assertive community treatment on the quality of life in schizophrenia patients and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 215 registered stable schizophrenia patients in community were recruited and divided into intervention group and control group by random number table. The intervention group received assertive community treatment， while the control group received routine community mental health services. After 12 months of intervention， the patients were followed up for 12 months. The intervention group and the control group were assessed with the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale（ SQLS） at the time of admission， 6 months， 12 months and 24 months after admission， respectively. Results There was significant group main effect in psychosocial subscale（ F=7.687，P＜0.01）， and it was lower in the intervention group than in the control group（ P＜0.05）. With the increase of time， the scores of subscales showed a downward trend（ P ＜ 0.05）. There was interaction between groups and intervention time in psychosocial and motivation/ energy subscales（ F=3.049，16.257；P＜0.05）. Generalized estimation equation analysis of total quality of life score change showed that active community intervention and its time effect， number of hospitalizations and number of risky behaviors were the influencing factors. The total quality of life score of intervention group was 7.509， lower than that of control group， and the difference was statistically significant（ χ2=14.533，P＜ 0.01）. The intervention group had time effect， and the SQLS score changed with time， while the control group had no time effect. Every time the number of hospitalizations increased， the average score of SQLS increased by 1.930 points（ χ2=13.003， P＜ 0.01）. The average score of SQLS increased by 4.448 points for every increase in the number of dangerous behaviors（ χ2=12.386，P ＜ 0.01）. Conclusions Assertive Community Treatment can improve the quality of life of schizophrenia