Objectives To investigate the correlation between aggressive behavior and executive function in patients with bipolar mania. Methods From June 2016 to February 2019， a total of 164 patients with bipolar mania from Shandong Mental Health Center were evaluated for the aggressive behavior by the Modified Overt Aggression Scale（ MOAS）. The patients with MOAS score equal and over 5 was divided into aggression group and less than 5 into non-aggression group. The executive function of the subjects was evaluated by Wisconsin Card Sorting Test（ WCST）， and the clinical symptoms of the subjects were evaluated by Bech- Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale（ BRMS）. Results The total score of BRMS（ 25.78±4.32） in the aggression group was higher than that in the non-aggression group（ 24.69±4.29）（ P＜0.05）， and the correct number（ 42.52±7.23） and the classification of WCST（ 7.61±3.48） in the aggression group were lower than those in the non-aggression group［ （44.29±9.14），（8.06±2.12）］. The number of errors（ 43.03±8.43）， perseverative errors（ 29.08±5.55） and non-perseverative errors（ 26.84±5.78） in the aggression group were higher than those in the non-aggression group［ （41.32±8.18），（28.58±7.22），（25.03±5.80）］（P ＜ 0.05）. The MOAS score of bipolar manic patients was positively correlated with the number of WCST errors， perseverative errors and non-perseverative errors （P＜0.05）， however negatively correlated with the number of classifications（ P＜0.05）. Conclusions There is a correlation between aggressive behavior and executive function in patients with bipolar mania， and the impairment of executive function may be related to the mechanism of the aggressive behaviors with bipolar mania.