Mental disorders are a type of multi-gene genetic diseases with complex etiology. The exploration of the pathogenesis of mental disorders has always been a major research topic. Extensive empirical evidence reveals that early physical infection is closely related to the occurrence of mental disorders， suggesting that early physical infection may play an indispensable role in the development of mental disorders. The purpose of this paper is to review the research on the association between early physical infections and mental disorders and explore the pathogenesis of early physical infections and mental disorders.