Objective To investigate the anxiety of freshmen in medical college and its influencing factors. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1 050 freshmen in Zhaoqing Medical College in June， 2017. Self-rating Anxiety Scale （SAS）， Baker Depression Inventory （BDI）， Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）， Mobile Phone Dependence Questionnaire （MPIQ） and socio-demographic data were assessed. 944 valid questionnaires were collected， with an effective recovery rate of 89.9%. Results The anxiety detection rate of freshmen in medical colleges was 13.8% （130/944）. All research subjects were divided into non-anxiety group （SAS ＜ 50） and anxiety group （SAS ≥ 50） according to the score of SAS. Through T-test， it was found that the proportion of smoking and drinking in anxiety group was higher， the health condition was worse， the learning pressure was higher， the learning interest decreased， and the scores of PSQI， BDI and MPIQ increased significantly. Logistic regression analysis showed that drinking （β=0.448，95%CI=1.016-2.410）， PSQI（β=0.140， 95%CI=1.025-1.292）， BDI（β=0.159，95%CI=1.138-1.208） and MPIQ（β= -0.030，95%CI=0.945-0.995）. Conclusions The detection rate of anxiety among freshmen in Zhaoqing Medical College is at the middle level in China. Drinking， poor sleep quality， depression and mobile phone dependence are the related factors of anxiety.