Objective To explore the intervention effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） combined with music therapy on patients with mild cognitive impairment （MCI）. Methods Totals of 100 patients with MCI were selected from June 2017 to March 2019 in outpatient Department， Wuxi Mental Health Center Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University. They were randomly divided into the rTMS group， the music therapy group， the combined group and the pseudo-stimulation group with 25 cases in each. All patients were examined by MoCA scale and event-related potential P300 before and after treatment. The patients in the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation group were treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation. The left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex（DLPFC） was selected as the stimulating site. The stimulation frequency was 15 Hz， and the total stimulation amount was 900 pulses/d. There were a total of 3 courses which last 5 consecutive days as a course with 3 weeks apart. The music therapy group was treated with comprehensive music therapy， 30 minutes per time and 2 times a week. The patients received three courses of treatment in total with 8 times therapy a course. The combined group was treated with repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with music therapy. The pseudo-stimulation was used in the pseudo-stimulation group. Changes of MoCA scale and P300 in each group before and after intervention were compared. Comparison would be also taken among groups. Results After treatment， the latency and amplitude of P300 in the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation group， the music therapy group and the combined group were significantly better than those before treatment， and were also better than those in the pseudo-stimulation group （P ＜ 0.05）. The improvement in the combined group was more obvious than the repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation group and the music therapy group （P＜ 0.05）. After treatment， the total scores of visual space， executive， attention， computational power， delayed memory and MoCA in rTMS group and combined group were significantly better than those before treatment and those in pseudo-stimulation group （P＜ 0.05）. The total scores of visual space， execution， attention， delayed memory and MoCA in music therapy group after treatment were significantly higher than those before treatment and those in pseudo-stimulation group （P＜ 0.05）. The total scores of MOCA in combination group were significantly higher than those in rTMS group and music therapy group （P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions After short-term intervention， both rTMS and music therapy can improve cognitive function of patients with MCI， and the effect of combined use of two interventions was relatively effective. Long-term efficacy was not clear now. It is hoped that further research will be carried out in the future.