Objective To explore the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） on the attention bias of methamphetamine-dependent patients. Methods A total of 50 methamphetaminedependent patients were randomly divided into two groups in the order of total reaction time： the experimental group and the control group. Real rTMS was used in the experimental group and fake rTMS was used in the control group. The Addictive Stroop Task was used to test the attention bias of methamphetaminedependent patients before and after the treatment. Results After the treatment， the average reaction time of methamphetamine-related words in the experimental group is significantly shorter than that in the control group （P ＜ 0.05）. However， there was no statistically significant difference in the average reaction time of neutral words between the two groups （P ＞ 0.05）. In the experimental group， the average reaction time of methamphetamine-related words and neutral words after the treatment was shorter than before the treatment （P＜ 0.05）， while the accuracy rate showed no significant difference before and after the treatment （P＞ 0.05）. In the control group， there was no difference in the average reaction time of methamphetamine-related words and neutral words and the accuracy rate before and after the treatment （P＞ 0.05）. Conclusions To some extent， the rTMS treatment can improve the attention bias of methamphetamine-dependent patients.