Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and related risk factors of depression inpatients with a history of suicide attempts. Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data of all 472 patients with depressive disorder who were admitted to Depression Treatment Center in Beijing Anding Hospital between December 2013 and November 2016. According to the history of suicide attempt， all patients were divided into two groups： the group with history of suicide attempt and the group without history of suicide attempt. The demographic data， disease characteristics， therapeutic drugs and laboratory parameters of patients with and without a history of suicide attempts were compared. The relevant data were analyzed by multivariate Logistic regression. Results There were 120 cases in the group with a history of suicide attempts， 352 cases in the group without a history of suicide attempts. Compared with the non-suicide attempt group， the characteristics of suicide attempt group were more in female ［68.33%（82/120） vs. 57.39%（202/352）， χ2 =4.48，P ＜ 0.05］， earlier onset age ［34.00（24.25,44.00） vs. 38.00（27.00，49.00)，Z=-2.01，P ＜ 0.05］， longer duration ［6.50 （1.00，15.00） vs. 3.00（0.58，10.00）， Z=-3.07，P＜ 0.01］， and more episodes ［2.00（2.00，3.75） vs. 2.00（1.00， 3.00），Z=-3.01，P ＜ 0.01］. Multiple regression analysis showed that female （OR=1.64， 95%CI：1.05-2.56， P＜ 0.05） and long duration （OR=1.04， 95%CI： 1.01-1.07，P＜ 0.05） were the risk factors for suicide attempts. Conclusions Female， long duration of disease and multiple episodes are the risk factors of suicide attempts in depression patients. Further researches are needed for the prevention and intervention of suicidal attempts in patients with depression