Objective To compare the characteristics of cognitive function and its correlation with auditory hallucination in schizophrenic patients with or without auditory hallucination. Methods From May 2013 to March 2019， 42 schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucination（ auditory hallucination group）， 26 schizophrenic patients without auditory hallucination（ non-auditory hallucination group） admitted to the mental health center of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University， and 82 healthy controls from healthy Wuhan area in the same period were recruited as the research subjects. All schizophrenic patients were scored by positive and negative symptom scale. The Digital Symbol Test（ DST）， Digital Span Test（ DSPT）， and Verbal Fluency Test（ VFT） were used to evaluate cognitive function of the three groups. Results The auditory hallucination group and the non-auditory hallucination group were matched on age， gender， education， course of disease， PANSS scores and other clinical symptoms（ except for P3 hallucination score）. Compared with the control group［ DST（ 69.12±9.84）； DSPT（ forward）（ 9.00±1.02），（ backward）（ 6.13±1.51）； VFT（ 21.90±4.32）］， the auditory hallucination group［ DST（ 41.17±8.00）； DSPT（ forward）（ 7.26±1.36），（ backward）（ 4.24±0.96）；VFT （13.26±2.36）］ and the non-auditory hallucination group［ DST（ 48.65±13.82）； DSPT（ forward）（ 7.54±1.48）， （backward）（4.46±1.61）； VFT（ 16.11±5.29）］ showed significant decrease in cognitive scores（ F=28.65，13.18， 15.05，32.26；P＜ 0.05）. The DST score of the auditory hallucination group was not lower than that of the nonauditory hallucination group（ t=-2.83，P＜0.05）. Correlation analysis showed that DST score of schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucination was negatively correlated with Hoffman auditory hallucination score（ r= -0.34，P=0.03）. Conclusions Schizophrenic patients with or without auditory hallucination all have extensive cognitive function. Schizophrenic patients with auditory hallucination have more severe impairment in attention and executive ability， which are closely related to auditory hallucination symptoms.