Schizophrenia is a severe mental disease with unknown etiology. Most patients are accompanied by severe cognitive disorders. Many studies have shown that apparent regulatory mechanisms play important roles in the process of cognitive function changes， among which histone deacetylase 2（ HDAC2） can affect synaptic plasticity and play a key role in the control of neuronal formation. Studies in mice with schizophrenia have shown that upregulation of HDAC2 expression may have negative effects on cognitive function. Therefore， the study on the mechanism of action of HDAC2 and its correlation with cognitive disorders in schizophrenia is conducive to providing new ideas and directions for the treatment of the disease.