Schizophrenia is a major crippling disease. Its incidence is usually related to environmental factors. As a common environmental factor， the impact of childhood trauma on schizophrenia has not yet been fully clarified. This paper mainly reviews the research progress of childhood trauma on schizophrenia， including etiology， brain structure and function， symptomatology， and so on. The impact of childhood trauma on schizophrenia was interpreted from different directions.