Stress is the body's response to challenges and has a significant impact on the body. However the choice of anti-anxiety， depression and mood stabilizers is narrow， and there are many problems such as side effects and slow onset. The emotional regulation of opioid receptors has become a hot topic in recent years. Previous studies at home and abroad mainly focus on δ-opioid receptors， while κ-opioid receptors' emotional regulation has been paid more attention in recent years. In this paper， the molecular pathways of stress related to κ-opioid receptors and the interactions between different brain regions are reviewed in order to provide support for further research.