Visual impairment is one of the most important characteristics of schizophrenia. Almost all visual processing fields have defects. The most studied areas include contrast sensitivity， spatial frequency processing， visual masking， motion perception and perceptual organization. These visual processing disorders have potential clinical significance， and the defects of early visual processing will lead to higher-level cognitive impairment. At present， there are relatively few studies on visual processing disorders in schizophrenia. This paper reviews the psychological， physical and neuroimaging research related to visual processing in schizophrenia， and explore the damage of visual processing in schizophrenia and its related brain mechanism.