The high incidence of cerebral small vessel disease （CSVD） not only increases the burden on society and families， but also reduces the patient's own quality of life， and its severity is no less than that of macrovascular stroke. The occurrence of CSVD is caused by many pathogenetic mechanisms jointly， which has not yet been fully elucidated. are still to be fully elucidated. CSVD is considered to be the most common cause of cognitive impairment， and there are many common risk factors between the two