Osteoporosis is a common side effect of antipsychotic drugs. Osteoporosis is a systemic progressive bone disease characterized by low bone mineral density， resulting in increased bone fragility， deformity， and fracture. The use of certain antipsychotic drugs such as risperidone can lead to hyperprolactinemia， and high levels of prolactin can affect bone metabolism by stimulating bone resorption and reducing sex hormone levels. However hyperprolactinemia theory has certain limitation. This paper reviews the possible ways of the effects of psychotropic drugs on bone metabolism from three aspects： the changes of human bone metabolism indexes， the changes of bone mass in animals and the effects on osteoblasts， in order to improve the understanding of the relationship between antipsychotics and abnormal bone metabolism， and provide clues for reducing osteoporosis caused by antipsychotics in clinic.