Objective To explore the relationship between clinical characteristics and peripheral blood cell changes in male alcohol dependent patients. Methods A total of 88 male alcohol-dependent patients who were hospitalized in the Mental Health Center of the First Hospital of Hebei Medical University from January 2020 to December 2020 were recruited as the alcohol dependence group. Another 88 male controls underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were assigned as the control group. Through the electronic medical record system， the patient's general condition and complete blood count results were reviewed， and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio（ PLR） was calculated. The differences of various indexes between the alcohol dependence group and the healthy control group were compared. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between the whole blood cell count and PLR and the age of starting drinking， the time of addiction and the amount of alcohol consumed per day. Results The red blood cell count（ RBC）， hemoglobin（ Hb）， platelet count（ PLT） and lymphocyte count（ LYM） of the alcohol dependence group were significant lower than those of the HC group， while The white blood cell count（ WBC） and mean red blood cell volume（ MCV） of the alcohol-dependent group were higher than those of the control group， and all the differences were statistically significant（ t=-6.454，-4.117，-6.454，-4.117，3.052，14.131； P ＜ 0.05）. There was no statistical difference on PLR between the two groups（ t=0.343， P ＞ 0.05）. PLT was significantly negatively correlated with age of onset（ r=-0.282， P ＜ 0.01）. PLT and PLR were positively correlated with duration of alcohol dependence（ r=0.241， 0.214； P＜0.05）. LYM and WBC were positively correlated with daily alcohol consumption（r=0.214， 0.222； P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions PLT， LYM， WBC and PLR are expected to be used as biomarkers to evaluate the duration in male patients with alcohol dependence.