Objective Biomarkers related to glioma recurrence were analyzed based on the genome of multifocal glioblastoma （M-GBM） to provide a basis for understanding the potential pathogenesis and formulating targeted treatment strategies. Methods The genome of a primary and asynchronous tumor sample from a glioblastoma patient in the Chinese Glioma Genome Map （CGGA） was selected for high-throughput sequencing， and verified by single nucleotide variation （SNV） and genome rearrangement. The differential genes are screened， and the differential genes of the sequenced data are included in CGGA_ 325 and CGGA_ 693 Kaplan Meier survival curve analysis was conducted in two databases. Results 14 322 and 16 464 SNVs were detected in primary and asynchronous tumors， respectively， of which 4 744 （33.1%） were common. One group of gene rearrangements exists in primary and asynchronous tumors， three groups of gene rearrangements exist in primary tumors but not in asynchronous tumors， and one group of gene rearrangements exists in asynchronous tumors but not in primary tumors. The results of survival curve analysis showed that the difference between total survival and progression free survival was statistically significant （P ＜ 0.01）. The survival of low-risk group was better than that of high-risk group. Conclusions The progeny cells cloned by ancestors may differentiate earlier and then evolve in parallel to produce M-GBM， that is， although there are overall differences in the rearrangement panorama， the two lesions have a common ancestor. A set of biomarkers that may be related to the recurrence and grade progression of glioma. The clinic can independently analyze the lesions at different positions of M-GBM patients according to the targeted treatment strategy to guide the precise treatment.