Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of carboplatin combined with etoposide （CE） in the treatment of secondary/recurrent high-grade glioma. Methods From October 2018 to January 2021， 5 patients with secondary high-grade gliomas and 47 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas treated with CE chemotherapy in the Department of Neuro-oncology， Cancer Center， Beijing Tiantan Hospital， Capital Medical University were collected. Among them， 14 patients received CE and bevacizumab treatment for severe brain edema. 10 patients who were diagnosed as leptomeningeal dissemination received CE and intrathecal methotrexate chemotherapy. Follow up endpoint was all cause death. Evaluate the efficacy according to Response Assessment in Neuro-oncology Criteria （RANO） standards and evaluate the adverse reactions with reference to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 （CTCAE 5.0）. Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze progression-free survival （PFS） and overall survival （OS）. Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate the prognostic value of CE treatment in patients with secondary/recurrent high-grade gliomas. Results The median OS of all patients after initial diagnosis was 27 months （10-166 months）； the median OS after CE treatment was 8 months （1-26 months）； the median PFS was 6 months （1-9 months）， and the median OS of patients with pia mater dissemination was 9 months （3-19 months）. Among the 40 patients who could be evaluated for efficacy using enhanced magnetic resonance imaging， 10 （25%） had partial remission， 24 （60%） had stable disease， 6 （15%） had disease progression， 10 had objective remission， and 34 had disease control. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that previous adjuvant temozolomide ≥ 6 cycles （HR=2.157， 95%CI=1.009-4.612） and CE chemotherapy ≥ 4 cycles （HR=2.671， 95%CI=1.189- 6.003） were the prognostic factors of secondary and 47 patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas （P ＜ 0.05）. The adverse reactions of patients were mainly grade 1-2. Seven patients had grade 3-4 hematology toxicity， and one patient had grade 3 gastrointestinal reaction. Conclusions CE can prolong the survival period of patients with secondary/recurrent high-grade glioma， and there is a trend of benefit for patients with combined leptomeningeal dissemination in the treatment of CE combined with sheath chemotherapy. The overall safety of the CE scheme is good