Multiple sclerosis （MS） is an immune-mediated disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination of the central nervous system， which mainly involves white matter and causes neurological dysfunction. At present， the treatment strategy for MS is mainly disease-modifying therapy （DMT）， which can alleviate the disease process but cannot cure the disease. As a lifelong disease， the rational application of MS drugs is very important to control the patient's condition and improve the neurological symptoms of patients. In this review， we summarized both domestic and overseas literature reports in recent years， and reviewed the drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis， aiming to provide the basis for rational drug use and the best treatment scheme for patients. In addition， we further review potential drugs for MS in clinical trials or preclinical studies and combine the latest research progress on the pathogenesis and new targets of MS to provide literature references for exploring new therapeutic strategies targeting the central nervous system.