Hyperprolactinemia is a common adverse reaction of antipsychotics in children and adolescents with mental disorders. It will affect the normal development of children and adolescents， such as skeletal dysplasia， irregular menstruation， etc，thereby reducing the quality of life and compliance， affecting the prognosis and increasing the socio-economic burden. Therefore， early identification and timely intervention are very important in clinical practice. This article reviews the effects of common antipsychotics on serum prolactin levels in children and adolescents， their possible mechanisms and treatment， aiming to investigate the characteristics and mechanisms of prolactin fluctuations in children and adolescents， and provide some basis for individual treatment.