Objective To systematically review the effect of solution-focused brief therapy （SFBT） on anxiety， depression， and self-efficacy in patients with post-stroke depression （PSD）. Methods Randomized controlled trials on the effects of SFBT on anxiety， depression， and self-efficacy in PSD patients was retrieved through computer on China National Knowledge Infrastructure， WanFang Data， China Biomedical Database， VIP， PubMed， Web of Science， Embase， MEDLINE， and Cochrane Library. The timeframe for the search was from the building of the library to September 2023. RevMan 5.4 and Stata software were used to evaluate the effects of SFBT on anxiety， depression， and self-efficacy in PSD patients. Results A total of 13 articles and 1 285 patients were included. Meta-analysis showed that the depression scale score ［SMD= -1.04， 95%CI（-1.39， -0.69）］ and anxiety scale score ［SMD=-1.12， 95%CI（-1.87， -0.37）］ of the intervention group after SFBT were lower than those of the control group， while the self-efficacy scale score ［MD=4.61， 95%CI（3.64， 5.58）］ was higher than that of the control group， and the differences were statistically significant （all P ＜ 0.01）. Conclusions SFBT can improve anxiety and depression in PSD patients， enhance self-efficacy， and is worthy of further clinical validation and promotion.