Objective To analyze the mediating effect of family resilience and individual resilience between disease stigma and primary caregiver burden in patients with stroke dysphagia. Methods From December 2022 to August 2023， convenience sampling was used to select 235 patients with stroke dysphagia and their primary caregivers in the Department of Rehabilitation of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University as research subjects. Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness （SSCI）， 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC-10）， Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview （ZBI）， and the Chinese version of the Revised Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire （WFRQ-R-CHI） were used to investigate the psychological status， individual resilience， and primary caregiver burden and family resilience of patients with stroke dysphagia. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the correlation between patient stigma， individual resilience， primary caregiver burden， and family resilience. Chain mediating model was constructed using Model 6 from the Process V4.1 plugin and Amos software. Results ZBI score of the primary caregiver for patients with stroke dysphagia was 50 （42，59）， which was at a moderate burden level. The patient's SSCI score was 87 （72，95）. Spearman correlation showed that there was a positive correlation between disease stigma and caregiver burden in patients with stroke dysphagia， a negative correlation with family and individual resilience， a negative correlation between caregiver burden and family and individual resilience， and a positive correlation between family and individual resilience， with statistically significant differences （all P ＜ 0.01）. Family resilience and individual resilience played a chain mediating effect in the disease stigma and caregiver burden of patients with stroke dysphagia， accounting for 69.04% of the total effect. Conclusions Reducing the disease stigma of patients can alleviate the burden on caregivers. Intervention programs to reduce the burden on the primary caregivers of patients with stroke dysphagia can also be explored from the perspective of enhancing their family and individual resilience.