DNA in the human body is constantly damaged by endogenous or exogenous stimuli， such as base pairing errors， abnormal modifications， and even single stranded and double stranded DNA breaks. Most of DNA damages can be compensated or repaired by human cells through various DNA damage repair methods. However， some DNA damage exceeds the compensatory and repair capacity of human cells， which will lead to abnormal life activities of human cells， resulting in various diseases and cancerous tumor cells. Gliomas are the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. A full understanding of the forms of DNA damage and a full appreciation of the DNA damage repair pathways is very helpful in adequately preventing as well as treating human gliomas. This review describes the research progress， treatment resistance， and potential new directions for the treatment of glioma in terms of different DNA damage repair pathways， in order to provide a reference for the treatment of glioma.