Objective Using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy to explore the relationship between suicidal ideation and metabolites of prefrontal lobes in bipolar disorder patients. Methods A total of 21 patients with untreated bipolar disorder in one month were divided into suicidal ideation group （12 cases） and non-suicidal ideation group （9 cases） in People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from April 2017 to August 2019. The ratios of N-acetylasparte/creatine （NAA/Cr）， choline/creatine （Cho/Cr）， glutamic acid and glutamine complex/creatine （Glx/Cr）， myo-inositol/creatine （mI/Cr） in the left and right prefrontal lobes of the two groups were measured by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Results The right prefrontal cortex mI/Cr ratios of bipolar disorder patients with suicidal ideation was higher than that of bipolar disorder patients without suicidal ideation （P＜ 0.05）. The NAA/Cr， Cho/Cr and Glx/Cr ratios in the right and left frontal lobes and mI/Cr ratios in left prefrontal lobe of the two groups showed no statistically significant differences （P＞ 0.05）. The mI/ Cr ratios of left prefrontal lobe was positively correlated with age of onset in patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation （r=0.661，P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation have increased levels of inositol metabolism in the right prefrontal lobe. The older the patients with bipolar disorder with suicidal ideation are， the more significant the level of inositol metabolism in the left prefrontal lobe is.