The expression levels of microRNAs have a significant relationship with suicide in depression， while electroconvulsive therapy may also affect certain genes associated with depression and may affect outcomes. Therefore， exploring the interaction mechanism between microRNAs and suicidal in depression and electroconvulsive therapy has become a very valuable research field. At present， some achievements have been made in related researches， and there are also some problems to be solved urgently. Therefore， this paper reviews the microRNAs expression characteristics related to depression and suicide， as well as the microRNAs involved in the response of depression to electroconvulsive therapy. Through sorting out and analyzing the related literature， it provides reference for future research direction and clinical application.