Objective To investigate the current situation and influencing factors of non-suicidal self-injury （NSSI） among nursing freshmen in a western college. Methods From November to December in 2020， 1 521 freshmen majoring in nursing in a western university were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey to analyze the NSSI detection rate， behavior characteristics and influencing factors of nursing freshmen. Results Among the 1 521 nursing freshmen， 1 467 valid questionnaires were collected， among which 332 cases had NSSI behavior， and the detection rate was 22.6%. The average age of students with NSSI behavior was （19.12±0.98） years old. Logistic regression analysis showed that male （OR=1.913， 95%CI：1.318-2.775）， with anxiety symptoms （OR=3.895， 95%CI：2.464-6.157）， with passive suicidal ideation （OR=4.661， 95%CI： 3.434-6.328） were positively correlated with NSSI behavior. Conclusions The incidence of NSSI in nursing freshmen in a western university is relatively high. Male， freshmen with anxiety and passive suicidal ideation are prone to NSSI behaviors. It is suggested to prevent and intervene the NSSI behavior of freshmen in nursing school from gender， emotion and specialty