Alzheimer disease （AD） is a age-related progressive neurodegenerative disease， which is clinically manifested as memory impairment and behavioral disorders. It seriously endanger the physical and mental health and life quality of the elderly worldwide and represent a challenge for the public health. Current studies have shown that neuroinflammatory immune response plays an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. This paper reviews the role of neuroinflammation and immune factors in the pathogenesis of AD， in order to provide new clues for the prevention and treatment of AD.