Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder， and cognitive impairment is one of the typical clinical manifestations of the disease. The visual system is involved in various cognitive processes. As an important component of the visual system， fixation stability is closely correlated with cognitive function. In recent years， cognitive function and fixation stability are key trends in the study of schizophrenia， and many scholars are committed to using them as indicators for early recognition， diagnosis， and assess treatment and prognosis of schizophrenia. This paper reviews the methods and key points of research on cognitive function and fixation stability in schizophrenia， explores the relationship between cognitive function and fixation stability in patients with schizophrenia， and makes prospects for using fixation stability-related eye movement indicators to guide the diagnosis and treatment of schizophrenia.