Cognitive impairment is common in patients with schizophrenia， which seriously affects their prognosis and social function. The impairment of cognitive function is related to a variety of factors， among which the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases， such as obesity， diabetes， hypertension， hyperlipidemia and other metabolic syndrome， as well as the widespread unhealthy lifestyle of patients are closely related to the decline of cognitive function and affect its occurrence and development. This article reviews the clinical connection， pathological research， and intervention research between cognitive function and cardiovascular disease risk factors in schizophrenia， aiming to provide reference for reducing and delaying cognitive function impairment in patients with schizophrenia.