Objective To compare gender differences in residual symptoms in patients with bipolar disorder after acute phase treatment. Methods A total of 242 patients （107 males， 135 females）with bipolar disorder hospitalized at Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University， from June 2014 to June 2017 were included in the study. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 （HAMD-17）， Young Mania Rating Scale （YMRS）， and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale （ASEX） were used to assess residual depressive， manic， and sexual symptoms， respectively. Gender differences in residual symptoms were compared. For symptoms showing gender differences， Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the relationships between different symptom items and their severity with domains of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire （WHOQOL）. Results Although 11.57%（28/242） of patients exhibited residual depressive symptoms， there was no statistically significant gender difference （P＞0.05）. HAMD-17 item comparisons showed that female patients ［21.48%（29/135）］had a higher proportion of somatic symptoms than male patients ［8.41%（9/107）］（P＜ 0.05）. Additionally， 9.50%（23/242） of patients exhibited residual manic symptoms， with a lower proportion in female ［4.44%（6/135）］patients compared to male patients ［15.89%（17/107）］（P=0.003）. YMRS item comparisons revealed that female patients had lower proportions of increased activity-energy， heightened sexual interest， and speech-thought disorder than male patients （all P＜ 0.05）. Furthermore， 45.06% （105/233） of patients exhibited sexual dysfunction， with a marginally higher proportion in female patients ［42.64%（55/135）］compared to male patients ［27.88%（29/107）］（P=0.069）. The proportion of female patients with at least one item score ≥ 5 was higher than that of male patients （P=0.02）. ASEX item comparisons showed that， using a cutoff score of 4， female patients had higher proportions of impaired sexual arousal and orgasm than male patients （all P＜ 0.05）. Using a cutoff score of 5， female patients had higher proportions of impaired sexual desire， sexual arousal， lubrication， orgasm， and satisfaction with orgasm than male patients （all P＜ 0.05）. Further correlation analysis indicated that， in male patients， orgasm was negatively correlated with the psychological domain （r=-0.267，P＜ 0.05）. In female patients， somatic symptoms， sexual arousal， and orgasm were negatively correlated with the psychological and physical health domains （r=-0.280，-0.275，-0.261，-0.077， -0.184， -0.303； all P＜ 0.05）. Conclusions Gender differences exist in residual symptoms after acute phase treatment in patients with bipolar disorder. Female patients are more likely to exhibit residual somatic symptoms and sexual dysfunction， while male patients are more likely to exhibit residual manic symptoms. These residual symptoms are negatively correlated with patients' quality of life.