The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the onset， treatment， and prognosis of epilepsy. The gut microbiota may influence the onset and progression of epilepsy via the gut-brain axis. The imbalance of gut microbiota in patients with epilepsy is associated with the frequency， severity， and drug responsiveness of seizures. Modulating gut microbiota， such as through drugs， diet or probiotics， may improve the treatment effect of epilepsy. The application of gut microbiota in epilepsy management is still under exploration. Future research needs to further clarify the mechanism of action of both to achieve personalized treatment of epilepsy. This article summarizes and discusses the relationship between gut microbiota and epilepsy， as well as the mechanisms of interaction， with a view to providing new insights into the interaction between epilepsy and gut microbiota