Objective To systematically evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy（ ICBT） for children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder（ OCD）， so as to provide a specific and reliable evidence-based basis for clinical practice in children and adolescents with OCD. Methods The study on the efficacy of ICBT in children and adolescents with OCD was electronically searched in 7 databases， including PubMed， Embase， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， China National Knowledge Infrastructure， WanFang Data， and VIP. The search period was from database establishment to November 2024. Two investigators independently used EndNote to screen studies that met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of the included literature was performed using RevMan 5.4. Results A total of 10 papers were included with a total of 307 patients. Four studies demonstrated the feasibility of ICBT for improving obsessivecompulsive symptoms in children and adolescents from different perspectives. Eight studies demonstrated the effectiveness of ICBT for children and adolescents with OCD. The results showed that compared with control group， ICBT significantly reduced post-intervention obsessive-compulsive symptom scores of children and adolescents， and the difference was statistically significant［ MD=-5.81， 95%CI（ -11.11，-0.51）， P＜0.05］. When comparing between groups after long-term follow-up， the difference in obsessive-compulsive symptom scores before and after long-term follow-up was statistically significant for ICBT with exposure and response prevention（ ERP） as the main component［ MD=2.71， 95%CI（ 0.88， 4.54）， P ＜ 0.05］. The difference in obsessive-compulsive symptom scores before and after long-term follow-up was not statistically significant for ICBT with non-ERP as the main component［ MD=1.39， 95%CI（ 0.12， 2.65）， P＞0.05］. Conclusions ICBT is feasible and acceptable for improving obsessive-compulsive symptoms in children and adolescents， with significant efficacy and long duration of efficacy maintenance， and has good prospects for clinical application.