Objective To explore the characteristics of sleep-wake circadian rhythms in depressive disorder patients and their influencing factors. Methods A total of 382 patients with depressive disorder who participated in a cohort study from March 2021 to October 2022 at Beijing Anding Hospital， Capital Medical University were included. Patients were categorized into evening type（ n=153， MEQ 16-41）， intermediate type（ n=187， MEQ 42-58）， and morning type（ n=42， MEQ 59-86） based on the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire（ MEQ） scores. Socio-demographic features， clinical features， non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors， 17-item Hamilton Depression Scale（ HAMD-17）， Hamilton Anxiety Scale（ HAMA）， Patient Health Questionnaire-9（ PHQ-9）， Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7（ GAD-7）， and Sheehan Disability Scale（ SDS） scores were collected. Differences in clinical features and symptoms between the three groups were compared. Logistic regression was used to analyze the factors influencing sleep-wake circadian rhythm characteristics. Results The differences in age， marital status， smoking history， and age of onset among the three groups were statistically significant（ χ2/H=32.458， 14.339， 6.643， and 26.329； all P ＜ 0.05）. Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age ≤ 25 years［ OR=2.387， 95%CI（ 1.013， 5.629），P ＜ 0.05］， smoking history［ OR=1.728， 95%CI（ 1.012， 2.950），P＜0.05］， and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors in the current episode［ OR=1.870， 95%CI（ 1.007， 3.473）， P ＜ 0.05］ were risk factors for patients with evening type， and low level of anxiety/ somatization［ OR=0.847， 95%CI（ 0.741， 0.968）， P＜0.05］ was a protective factor for patients with evening type， and age ＞35 years［ OR=4.584， 95%CI（ 1.885， 11.145）， P＜0.05］ was a risk factor for patients with morning type， and all of these differences were statistically significant. Conclusions Age ≤ 25 years， smoking history， non-suicidal self-injurious behavior in the current episode， and low level of anxiety/somatization are influencing factors in depressive disorder patients with evening type， and age ＞ 35 years of age is an influencing factor in depressive disorder patients with morning type.