Objective To explore the abnormalities of the white matter structural network and resting state functional network in patients with schizophrenia（ SCZ）， as well as the differences in structuralfunctional connectivity（ SC-FC） coupling. Methods This study was designed as a cross-sectional study. From June 2023 to March 2025， 35 patients with SCZ（ SCZ group） at the Department of Psychiatry of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University and the Qiqihar Mental Health Center as well as 39 healthy volunteers（ control group） recruited from the general public during the same period， were selected as study subjects. Diffusion tensor imaging and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging data were collected from the participants. Graph theory analysis and the SC-FC coupling method were used to analyze the imaging data. Pearson correlation was used to analyze the relationship between network index values of nodes in brain regions showing abnormal changes and clinical symptoms. Results In the structural network， compared with controls， SCZ group patients showed abnormal changes in the node network indicators of Cp value in the right olfactory cortex， Efficiency value in the left cingulate gyrus， Cp and Eloc values in the right cingulate gyrus， Cp， Eloc and Dc values in the left anterior cingulate gyrus and collateral cingulate gyrus， Efficiency value in the left orbital superior frontal gyrus， and Efficiency value in the left caudate nucleus， with statistically significant differences（ t=-5.595，4.049，-5.852，-5.852，-4.158，-4.158，4.158，4.192，3.982， all P＜0.001）. In the functional network， compared with control group， SCZ group showed abnormal changes in the node network indicators of aDc and aEfficiency values in the left caudate nucleus， aDc value in the right caudate nucleus， aDc and aEfficiency values in the left putamen， aDc value in the right putamen， aDc value in the left globus pallidus， aDc value in the right suboccipital gyrus， aDc and aEfficiency values in the right fusiform gyrus， aDC value in the right middle temporal gyrus and the differences were statistically significant（ t=3.824，3.744，3.934， 4.343，4.234，3.786，3.810，-3.693，-3.960，-3.730，-3.660， all P ＜ 0.001）. The SC-FC coupling strength in the whole-brain network of SCZ group patients was higher than that of control group， but the difference was not statistically significant（ t=0.166，P=0.869）. Correlation analysis revealed that the SC-FC coupling values in the left superior marginal gyrus of SCZ group were negatively correlated with the General Psychopathological Symptom Scale score， with the difference being statistically significant（ r=-0.350， P=0.049）. After Bonferroni correction， there was no correlation between the abnormal network index values and SC-FC coupling values in SCZ group and any clinical characteristics（ all P ＞ 0.006 3）. Conclusions SCZ patients exhibit unique brain structural and functional network characteristics， as well as SC-FC coupling model， which provide a new perspective for understanding the potential pathogenesis of SCZ.