Objective To explore the current status of public attitudes towards schizophrenia and analyze its influencing factors. Methods This study was a cross-sectional survey. From July to September 2024， convenience sampling was used to select 712 healthy participants without a diagnosis of mental disorders in Beijing， Tianjin， and Hebei as research subjects. Based on the "bio-psycho-social" theory， schizophrenia was renamed as the drug-relate psychosis（ name 1）， anxiety-related psychosis（ name 2）， trauma-related psychosis（ name 3）， and stress sensitivity-related psychosis（ name 4）. The General Information Questionnaire was used to collect participants' general information. The Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire was used to assess healthy participants' attitudes toward schizophrenia. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influence of general characteristics and naming conventions on attitudes toward the disease. Results A total of 712 questionnaires were distributed， and 680 valid questionnaires were obtained， resulting in a valid response rate of 95.6%. There were statistically significant differences in the total scores on the Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire of the original name group among participants of different ages， levels of familiarity with schizophrenia patients， and grades of medical students（ Z=-2.22，-4.33，-2.52； all P＜0.05）. There were statistically significant differences in the total scores of the Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire between the original name group and the name 2 group and the name 3 group（ Z=-6.62， -8.22； P＜0.05）. In the comparison of scores for different items of the Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire among participants in the original name group and name groups 1， 2， 3， and 4， there were no statistically significant differences in the scores for item 8 between the groups（ all P＞0.05）. Similarly， there were no statistically significant differences in the scores for item 1 in the name 1 group， item 4 in the name 3 group， and item 3 in the name 4 group between the groups（ all P＞ 0.05）. However， there were statistically significant differences in the scores for the remaining items between the groups（ all P＜0.05）. After grouping the participants according to different population types， the inter-group comparisons of the total scores（ H=36.57） and item scores 1-8（ H=107.94，49.40，89.53，76.01，44.35，12.83， 38.59， 62.71） of the Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire among the three groups were statistically significant （all P＜ 0.05）. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that medical students， mental health professionals， emergency-sensitive related mental disorders， drug-related mental disorders， and trauma-related mental disorders were predictors of the total score on the Schizophrenia Attitudes Questionnaire， with statistically significant differences（ β=1.58， 2.07， 0.50， 0.12， 0.16； all P＜0.05）. Conclusions Public attitudes toward schizophrenia are not influenced by gender or educational attainment. Age， naming conventions based on "biopsycho- social"， different occupations and educational backgrounds， and whether or not one has contact with schizophrenia patients can all influence attitudes toward the illness to varying degrees.