Objective To explore the effects of high-flux hemodialysis（ HFHD） and convention hemodialysis（ CHD） on depression level and concentration of interleukin-6（ IL-6）， homocysteine（ Hcy）， malondialdehyde（ MDA）， superoxide dismutase（ SOD） in the serum of maintenance hemodialysis（ MHD） patients. Methods A total of 72 MHD patients were divided into HFHD group and CHD group randomly， with 36 patients in each. Before treatment and 6 months after， all the participants were estimated for depression score and concentration of IL-6， Hcy， MDA， SOD in serum when dry weight was reached after dialysis. Results Before treatment， there was no intergroup statistical difference in depression score， concentration of IL-6， Hcy， MDA， SOD in serum（ P ＞ 0.05） between the two groups. After 6-month treatment， the depression score and the serum concentration of IL-6， Hcy， MDA in HFHD group decreased significantly（ P＜0.05）， and the SOD concentration increased（ P＜0.05）. There was no noticeable change of all the indicators of CHD group compared with those before treatment（ P＞0.05）. The depression score and the level of serum IL-6， Hcy， MDA in group HFHD decreased compared with CHD group， and the SOD concentration increased as well（ P＜0.05）. Analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between depression score and IL-6， Hcy， MDA level（r=0.367， 0.463，0.769， respectively）. The correlation between depression score and SOD level was negative（r=-0.571）. Conclusions HFHD can alleviate depression states by eliminating IL-6，Hcy，MDA more efficiently and increasing SOD level than CHD in MHD patients