Acute ischemic stroke is one of the major diseases which endanger the lives and health of people in China. Inflammatory reaction is closely associated with acute cerebral infarction， and the level of inflammatory markers reflects the severity of inflammation. Especially MLR （monocyte to lymphocyte ratio） and NLR （Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio） in peripheral blood， as emerging indicators of inflammation in recent years， have been widely concerned. This article reviews the correlation between MLR and NLR in peripheral blood， and the occurrence， progression and prognosis of acute cerebral infarction.