Autism spectrum disorders（ ASD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder starting in infancy. In addition to the core symptoms of social interaction disorder， cognitive impairment and repetitive stereotyped behavior， there are also obvious multi-sensory abnormalities. ASD patients with abnormal pain will make repetitive self-injurious behavior， which not only causes serious harm to patients but also their families， causing widespread concern of families and society. Further study on the pain sensitivity of children and the principle and mechanism of pain sensitivity can not only reduce the pain experience of children， but also provide new ideas for the treatment of children with ASD. This paper reviewed the recent studies on the epidemiology， clinical trials， genetics， imaging and the pain sensitivity of ASD animal models. The future study could focus on the optimal intervention scheme， and provide theoretical basis for further clinical promotion.