Alcohol use disorder（ AUD） is a serious problem affecting mental health today， of which prevalence remains high with widespread concern. The problems such as social function defects， judicial crimes and domestic violence caused by AUD continue rising， and can lead to physical diseases and mental disorders， causing a heavy burden on society and families. The genetic mechanism of AUD involves many neurotransmitters， and the interaction between environment and genetic factors plays an important role in its occurrence and development. The molecular markers， pathogenesis and response to drug treatment of AUD still need more in-depth research. In view of the characteristics of AUD with high harm degree， relapse rate， and comorbidity rate， with the goal of preventing alcohol abuse， exploring effective interventions will help reduce the occurrence of AUD， which has important medical and social significance.