Cerebral small vessel disease mainly affects arterioles， capillaries and venules， which is closely related to the incidence and prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. It is associated with the occurrence， site， volume， recurrent stroke， functional outcome and overall survival of intracerebral hemorrhage. This article reviews the research progress of the influence of cerebral small vessel disease on the incidence and prognosis of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage， and provides reference for clinical practice.