Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation （rTMS） is a safe， non-invasive technique that has been widely used in various neurological and psychiatric disorders. At present， rTMS has also achieved certain therapeutic effects in improving post-ischemic stroke cognitive impairment （PISCI）. This paper reviews the basic principles， mechanism， application， safety， and prospects of rTMS in PISCI to provide theoretical basis for the application of rTMS in PISCI.