Cognition refers to the complex process in which the human brain transforms external information into internal psychological activities in order to acquire and apply knowledge. Since the proposal of "cerebellar cognitive affective syndrome" by Schmahmann and Sherman in 1998， research on cerebellar cognitive function has received increasing attention. This article reviews relevant research both domestically and internationally， and explores the role and mechanism of the cerebellum in cognitive neural networks from three perspectives： the anatomy and cognitive function of the cerebellum， the neural network mechanism of the cerebellum， and the inability to connect intersecting cerebellar neural functions. The aim is to improve our understanding of the cerebellum's involvement in cognitive function