Low-grade inflammation is recognized as one of the important pathophysiological mechanisms of bipolar disorder. Inflammatory factors are not only involved in the etiologic process of the disease， but also provide direction for the development of new therapies. The potential of inflammatory factors as predictive markers and adjunctive therapy with anti-inflammatory drugs（ such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs， N-acetylcysteine， and tumor necrosis factor antagonists） has been explored in clinical studies. Studies have shown that abnormal immune signaling occurs throughout all stages of bipolar disorder， suggesting the importance of inflammation as a potential therapeutic target. This article reviews the inflammatory factor alterations， inflammatory mechanisms， and adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapies associated with bipolar disorder， with the aim of providing a reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment